Robert C. Martin said a similar thing: "Automated testing through the GUI is intuitive, seductive, and almost always wrong!”. But none of them denied the great benefits of E2E UI Testing (World Quality Report since 2019, rated it No.1 priority) It is simply a matter of capability. I decided not to dodge back in 16 years ago, and figured out a working approach. https://medium.com/geekculture/agileway-test-automation-formula-bcf550616d32