Three Types of Efforts in E2E (UI) Test Automation Clarified

Test Creation (~10%), Test Stabilization & Refinement (30%), and Ongoing Maintenance (~60%). Knowing this will help you understand why many E2E Test Automation attempts failed.

Zhimin Zhan
7 min readFeb 21, 2024

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This article is one of the “IT Terminology Clarified” series.

There are three types of efforts or phases in E2E (UI) test automation; I put estimated efforts in percentages in brackets (based on my 17+ years of experience in E2E test automation). Unfortunately, most software teams just focus on the first one. No wonder they failed E2E test automation attempts every single time (by trying different commercial tools or open-source frameworks).

I have already written one article on this topic.

In this article, I’ll illustrate those three types of efforts with an example, aiming to make this important concept more readily understandable for readers.

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Zhimin Zhan

Test automation & CT coach, author, speaker and award-winning software developer. Help teams succeed with Agile/DevOps by implementing real Continuous Testing.